Author Guidelines

Authors are invited to submit original and high-quality scholarly manuscripts to Journal of Wave Energy Systems and Technology (WEST). Manuscripts should demonstrate a clear contribution to wave energy conversion, marine renewable-energy systems, hydrodynamics, power take-off technologies, control, reliability, deployment, sustainability, or related wave-energy technologies.

1. General Requirements

Manuscripts must present original scholarly work that has not been published previously and is not simultaneously under consideration by another journal.

Submissions should demonstrate a substantive contribution to one or more of the journal's core areas: Wave Energy Conversion Systems and Devices, Hydrodynamics, Modeling and Experimental Technology, Control, Power Take-Off, Reliability and Digital Technologies, or Wave Energy Deployment, Sustainability and Marine Systems.

Manuscripts focused primarily on generic hydrodynamics, offshore structures, coastal engineering, artificial intelligence, materials, or electrical systems should clearly demonstrate their relevance to wave energy conversion, wave-energy devices, marine renewable energy, energy capture, deployment, reliability, or sustainable marine power generation.

Language: Manuscripts must be written in clear and academically appropriate English.

2. Article Types

  • Original Research Articles — experimental, computational, engineering, control, reliability, environmental, or deployment-oriented studies.
  • Review Articles — critical reviews of major developments in wave energy and marine renewable-energy technology.
  • Systematic Reviews and Evidence Syntheses — structured reviews using transparent search, selection, and analytical procedures.
  • Technical and Engineering Studies — studies addressing wave energy converters, hydrodynamics, PTO systems, control, mooring, reliability, digital monitoring, or operational optimization.
  • Deployment, Sustainability and Policy Studies — research addressing wave-resource assessment, techno-economics, environmental impacts, marine spatial planning, policy, commercialization, and sustainable deployment.

3. Submission Files and Anonymity

WEST applies a double-anonymous peer review process. Manuscripts submitted for review must not contain author names, affiliations, acknowledgements, or other information that directly identifies the authors.

Full author names, affiliations, countries, email addresses, and ORCID identifiers should be entered separately in the OJS metadata.

Manuscripts should be submitted in an editable word-processing format and should follow the official journal template where available.

4. Manuscript Structure

  1. Title
  2. Abstract
  3. Keywords
  4. Introduction
  5. Literature Review and/or Technical Background
  6. Methods
  7. Results and Discussion
  8. Conclusion and Implications
  9. Acknowledgements, where applicable
  10. Funding Statement, where applicable
  11. Conflict of Interest Statement
  12. Ethics Approval and Informed Consent, where applicable
  13. Data Availability Statement, where applicable
  14. AI Use Disclosure, where applicable
  15. References

5. Title and Author Information

The title should be concise, technically informative, and accurately reflect the wave-energy, hydrodynamic, control, reliability, deployment, or sustainability issue investigated.

Complete author metadata must be entered through OJS, including full name, institutional affiliation, country, email address, and ORCID identifier where available.

6. Abstract and Keywords

The abstract should normally contain approximately 150–250 words and summarize the research problem, objective, methods, principal findings, and major engineering, performance, sustainability, or deployment implications.

Authors should provide 3–6 keywords that accurately represent the principal wave-energy, hydrodynamic, control, reliability, energy, or deployment concepts of the study.

7. Introduction

The Introduction should establish the scientific, engineering, technological, environmental, or deployment context of the study; define the research problem; identify the knowledge or technology gap; state the research objectives or questions; and clearly explain the novelty and significance of the work for wave energy systems.

8. Literature and Technical Background

Authors should critically engage with relevant national and international scientific literature rather than merely describing previous studies.

Where relevant, the manuscript should explain hydrodynamic theories, energy-conversion concepts, control strategies, PTO technologies, numerical models, reliability frameworks, structural concepts, or deployment approaches used in the research.

The technical background should establish the current state of knowledge and clearly identify how the study advances wave energy conversion, device performance, control, reliability, or deployment.

9. Methods

The Methods section should provide sufficient detail to allow readers to understand, evaluate, and where appropriate reproduce the research.

Authors should clearly describe the research design, wave-energy device or system, datasets, experimental configuration, numerical methods, control strategies, assumptions, boundary conditions, parameters, software, instrumentation, and analytical procedures where relevant.

Experimental Studies: Wave-tank and physical-model studies should report model scale, similarity criteria, wave conditions, water depth, instrumentation, calibration, sampling frequency, test duration, repeatability, uncertainty, and relevant scale effects.
Numerical and Computational Studies: Authors should report governing equations, assumptions, numerical methods, initial and boundary conditions, mesh or discretization settings where relevant, convergence criteria, verification, validation, and uncertainty.
Control and PTO Studies: Research involving power take-off systems, model-predictive control, reactive control, latching control, optimization, or other energy-maximization strategies should clearly describe control objectives, system constraints, assumptions, comparison cases, performance metrics, and practical implementation conditions.
Wave Resource and Deployment Studies: Research using buoy, satellite, hindcast, reanalysis, or field datasets should clearly identify data sources, spatial and temporal resolution, study period, validation procedures, uncertainty, and site-selection criteria.

10. Results and Discussion

Results should be presented clearly and should correspond directly to the research objectives, questions, or hypotheses.

Quantitative results should include appropriate hydrodynamic, energy, statistical, control-performance, reliability, structural, or uncertainty measures where relevant.

Numerical and simulation results should be clearly distinguished from experimental measurements, field observations, or validated operational data.

The Discussion should interpret findings in relation to energy capture, device efficiency, hydrodynamic performance, control, reliability, survivability, deployment feasibility, environmental responsibility, or economic performance and clearly explain the contribution to existing knowledge.

11. Conclusion and Implications

The Conclusion should directly reflect the principal findings and clearly state their scientific, engineering, operational, economic, environmental, or deployment significance.

Recommendations for researchers, technology developers, marine-energy companies, operators, regulators, or policymakers should be supported by the evidence presented.

Study limitations, applicability boundaries, major uncertainties, and directions for future research should be stated where appropriate.

12. Ethical and Transparency Statements

Authors should provide the following information where applicable:

  • Ethics approval;
  • Informed consent;
  • Industrial or institutional permissions;
  • Funding information;
  • Conflict of interest declaration;
  • Data availability statement;
  • Acknowledgements;
  • AI use disclosure.

Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, authenticity, originality, technical validity, ethical compliance, and interpretation of all submitted research materials.

13. Wave Data, Models and AI Use

Research involving field data, wave-resource datasets, numerical models, experimental records, proprietary device data, sensor information, or industrial datasets should comply with applicable confidentiality, ethical, legal, and institutional requirements.

Artificial intelligence systems and generative AI tools cannot be listed as authors. Substantive AI use in writing, coding, wave prediction, resource assessment, control optimization, fault detection, digital twins, data processing, simulation, or literature synthesis should be disclosed where relevant.

Engineering Accountability: Authors must independently verify AI-assisted, simulation-based, model-based, and data-driven results before drawing engineering, performance, reliability, or deployment conclusions.

14. Tables, Figures and Technical Materials

Tables, figures, diagrams, wave spectra, response-amplitude operators, power matrices, performance curves, control diagrams, numerical outputs, experimental plots, resource maps, and other technical materials should be clearly numbered, titled, and cited in the manuscript text.

Units, symbols, abbreviations, coordinate systems, wave parameters, scales, legends, and engineering quantities should be clearly defined.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that figures, diagrams, maps, device images, and reproduced materials comply with copyright, confidentiality, and permission requirements.

15. References

References should be relevant, scientifically credible, and sufficient to establish the current state of knowledge.

Authors are encouraged to engage with recent peer-reviewed international literature together with appropriate foundational research.

Relevant standards, recommended practices, marine-energy guidelines, technical reports, and regulatory documents may be cited where appropriate.

Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) should be provided whenever available. References suggested or generated by AI systems must be independently verified.

Citation manipulation, fabricated references, unnecessary self-citation, or irrelevant citation practices are not acceptable. Reference formatting should follow the official journal template.

16. Submission Preparation Checklist

  • The manuscript fits the Focus and Scope of WEST.
  • The manuscript is original and not under consideration elsewhere.
  • The manuscript is written in clear academic English.
  • The review manuscript has been anonymized.
  • Complete author metadata has been entered in OJS.
  • The research problem, gap, and contribution are clearly stated.
  • The technical or conceptual foundation is appropriate.
  • The methodology and analytical procedures are clearly described.
  • Wave conditions and resource characteristics are reported where relevant.
  • Experimental scale and instrumentation are reported where applicable.
  • Numerical assumptions and boundary conditions are clearly defined.
  • Verification and validation procedures are described where applicable.
  • Uncertainty and study limitations are reported.
  • Control and PTO assumptions are transparent where relevant.
  • Industrial or proprietary data permissions are addressed where relevant.
  • Ethics approval and informed consent are reported where applicable.
  • Funding and conflicts of interest are disclosed.
  • Data availability is stated where applicable.
  • Substantive AI use is disclosed where applicable.
  • Tables and figures accurately represent the research.
  • References are accurate and include DOI information where available.
  • The manuscript follows the official journal template.

17. Review, Revision and After Acceptance

Manuscripts first undergo editorial screening for scope, originality, scholarly contribution, technical validity, methodological quality, ethical compliance, and adherence to submission requirements.

Manuscripts that pass screening may proceed to double-anonymous peer review by at least two independent reviewers.

Authors receiving a revision decision should respond point-by-point to reviewer and editor comments and clearly identify changes made in the revised manuscript.

Submission of a revised manuscript does not guarantee acceptance. Final publication decisions remain the responsibility of the editorial team.

Following acceptance, manuscripts may undergo copyediting, technical and metadata verification, reference checking, layout preparation, proofreading, and other production procedures before publication.

Authors are encouraged to review the Focus and Scope, Editorial Policy, and official manuscript template before submitting a manuscript to Journal of Wave Energy Systems and Technology (WEST).
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